Classic - synonym

Bokeh
Classic
Retro
Vintage

Scatter - Synonym

Dispersion
Scatter
Separate

Romanization Mandarin - Wade Giles' Method

Romanization Mandarin - Wade Giles' Method
Romanization Pinyin

legend:

注音=zhù yīn=Annotated Sounds, a phonetic transliteration for Chinese used esp. in Taiwan/also known as Bopomofo ㄅㄆㄇㄈ
韋式=Wade Giles
漢語拼音/汉语拼音 (建議採用)=Hanyu Pinyin=Hàn yǔ Pīn yīn (jiàn yì cǎi yòng)

Beberapa Romanisasi / Cara Baca / Pin Yin ala Wade Giles yang mirip cara baca Indonesia, di bawah ini hanya yang berbeda dengan cara baca :

注音=漢語拼音=韋式
zhu4yin1=han4yu3pin1yin1=wei2shi4
ㄅ=b=pa
ㄘ=ts`=c
ㄔ=ch`=ch
ㄉ=d=t
ㄉㄧㄢ=dian=tien
ㄉㄨㄥ=dong=tung
ㄍ=g=k
ㄍㄨㄥ=gong=kung

Pronoun in Mandarin 1

Pronoun in Mandarin Language
dài cí in Mandarin
代词 in Mandarin

First person pronoun
First person singular pronoun
我=wǒ=I/me/my
First person plural pronoun
我们=wǒ men=we/us/ourselves/our
Second person singular pronoun
你=nǐ=you (informal, as opposed to courteous 您[nin2])
Second person plural pronoun
你们=nǐ men=you (plural form of 你 [ni3] )
Second person singular pronoun
您=nín=you (courteous, as opposed to informal 你[ni3])
Third person singular pronoun
他=tā=he or him/(used for either sex when the sex is unknown or unimportant)/(used before sb's name for emphasis)/(used as a meaningless mock object)/other/another
Third person plural pronoun
他 们=tā men=they (plural form of 他 [tā] )
Third person singular pronoun
她=tā=she
它=tā=it
怹=tān=he/she/(courteous, as opposed to 他[ta1])
伊=yī=he/she

Particle 了 ( le )

Particle = 助 词 ( zhù cí )

In Mandarin (Chinese Language), particle is the most influence word in sentences to diferentiate its meaning.

了 ( le ) 's role in sentences:

1. 了 as Aspect Particle （动态助词） dòng tài zhù cí
• like past tense
  Pronoun + Verb + 了 + Numeral + ( Numeral Classifier ) + Noun
• sequential action
  等 ( děng ) + Pronoun + Verb + 了 +  Noun + 再 ( zài ) + Verb + Object
2. 了 as Modal Particle （语气助词）yǔ qì zhù cí
• situation has changed.
• If the modal particle了 works with the adverb 太 ( tài ), it indicates excessiveness.
• If the modal particle 了 works the adverb 要 ( yào ) / 快要 ( kuài yào ) / 将要 ( jiāng yào ), it describes an action that will happen in the future.
3. 了 can exists as an aspect particle as well as modal particle in one sentence.

Tata Bahasa Mandarin (Yu Fa)

Tata Bahasa Mandarin dan Ciri Khasnya – Tata Bahasa adalah Kaidah atau aturan dalam penyusunan kata, gabungan kata dan kalimat. Tata Bahasa dalam bahasa Inggris disebut dengan Grammar sedangkan dalam bahasa Mandarin disebut dengan Yǔ fǎ [语法]. Tata Bahasa Mandarin terdiri dari Morfem, Kata dan Kalimat. Beberapa Ciri khas bahasa Mandarin diantaranya adalah tidak banyak terdapat perubahan bentuk, kata bantu bilangan yang banyak, Tidak ada perubahan bentuk waktu dan sangat tergantung pada urutan kata dan penggunaan partikel.

Pengertian Morfem, Kata dan Kalimat dalam Bahasa Mandarin

Berikut ini adalah pengertian dari Morfem, Kata dan Kalimat dalam bahasa mandarin beserta jenis-jenisnya.

MORFEM (Yǔ sù [語素])

Morfem atau dalam bahasa mandarin disebut dengan Yǔ sù [語素] adalah bagian paling kecil dalam tata bahasa yang mempunyai makna dan tidak bisa dibagi lagi ke dalam bentuk yang lebih kecil. Fungsi dari Morfem adalah untuk membentuk Kata.
Terdapat 2 jenis Morfem dalam bahasa Mandarin, diantaranya adalah :

Morfem Bebas

Morfem bebas adalah morfem yang bisa berfungsi sebagai kata. Contoh Morfem bebas diantaranya adalah [人] Rén (orang), [水] Shuǐ (air), [好] Hǎo (baik) dan lain sebagainya.

Morfem Terikat

Morfem terikat adalah morfem yang tidak dapat berfungsi menjadi kata, tetapi setelah digabungkan dengan kata lain maka morfem tersebut akan membentuk sebuah kata baru. Contoh Morfem terikat diantaranya adalah [乒] Pīng (tidak memiliki makna), tetapi begitu digabungkan dengan morfem lain menjadi [乒乓] Pīng pang yang artinya adalah Ping Pong.

KATA (cí [词])

Kata adalah bagian yang terkecil dari bahasa yang mempunyai arti dan dapat berdiri sendiri.
Terdapat beberapa jenis KATA dalam bahasa Mandarn :
生字 = shēng zì = kata-kata asing

Kata Konkret dalam Bahasa Mandarin

• 名词 Míng cí kata benda
• 动词 Dòng cí kata kerja
• 助动词 Zhù dòng cí kata kerja bantu
• 形容词 Xíng róng cí kata sifat
• 数词 Shù cí kata bilangan
• 量词 Liàng cí kata bantu bilangan
• 代词 Dài cí kata ganti
  

Partikel (xiǎo pǐn cí [小品詞])

• 副词 Fù cí kata keterangan
• 介词 Jiè cí kata depan
• 连词 Lián cí kata sambung
• 助词 Zhù cí partikel
• 叹词 Tàn cí kata seru
• 象声词 Xiàng sheng cí kata tiruan bunyi
  

Imbuhan (cí zhuì [詞綴])

• 词头 Cí tóu awalan (Prefix)
• 词尾 Cí wěi akhiran (Suffix)
  

KALIMAT (Jù zi [句子])

KALIMAT dalam bahasa Mandarin disebut dengan Jù zi [句子] yaitu satuan bahasa berupa kata atau rangkaian kata yang mengungkapkan suatu konsep pikiran serta perasaan dan dapat berdiri sendiri, mempunyai pola, intonasi final, dan secara actual terdiri atas klausa.
Contoh Kalimat :

• 我是学生 (Wǒ shì xué shēng) Saya adalah seorang Siswa
• 你好吗? (Nǐ hǎo ma ?) Apa Kabar?
  

Ciri Khas Tata Bahasa Mandarin

1. Perubahan bentuk tidak banyak
2. Kata Bilangan yang banyak
3. Pembentukan kalimat tergantung pada urutan kata dan penggunaan partikel
4. Tidak ada perubahan bentuk terhadap waktu.
   

English prefixes 4

Negative prefixes

Negative statements are the opposite of affirmative statements. In English, one way to make negative statements is by adding negative prefixes to nouns, adjectives, and verbs. Here are some English negative prefixes: a–, dis
–, il–, im–, <>in-, <>ir–, <>non–, <>un–.

For example, the prefix <>un- can be attached to the adjective happy to create the negative adjective unhappy. Or you can use the negative adverb not . Note that there is no difference in meaning between these two forms.

affirmative	negative prefix	not
Tom is happy.	Tom is unhappy.	Tom is not happy.

Words that take <>a– as a negative prefix always begin with a consonant .

affirmative		negative
political		apolitical
sexual		asexual
theist		atheist

Words that take <>dis– as a negative prefix may begin with a vowel or a consonant.

affirmative		negative
agree		disagree
comfort		discomfort
mount		dismount
orient		disorient

Words that take <>il– as a negative prefix always begin with the letter <>l.

affirmative		negative
legal		illegal
legible		illegible
literate		illiterate
logical		illogical

Words that take <>im– as a negative prefix always begin with the letter <>m or <>p.

affirmative		negative
mobile		immobile
moral		immoral
perfect		imperfect
possible		impossible

Words that take <>in– as a negative prefix can begin with a vowel (except <>i or <>u) or a consonant.

affirmative		negative
accurate		inaccurate
eligible		ineligible
organic		inorganic
decent		indecent
sane		insane

Note: There are many words that begin with in– that are not words with a negative prefix. For example:

word		does not mean
incline		not cline
indulge		not dulge
insist		not sist
invoke		not voke

Words that take <>ir– as a negative prefix always begin with the letter <>r.

affirmative		negative
rational		irrational
reconcilable		irreconcilable
regular		irregular
resistible		irresistible

Words that take <>non– as a negative prefix may begin with a vowel or a consonant.

affirmative		negative
conformist		nonconformist
essential		nonessential
fiction		nonfiction
sense		nonsense

Words that take <>un– as a negative prefix may begin with a vowel or consonant.

affirmative		negative
able		unable
interesting		uninteresting
usual		unusual
comfortable		uncomfortable
helpful		unhelpful
prepared		unprepared

Remember, not all words that appear to have a negative prefix are negative.

word		does not mean
alike		not like
discuss		not cuss
universe		not iverse
illuminate		not luminate
important		not portant
involve		not volve
irrigate		not rigate

English Language Prefixes & Suffixes 2

Prefixes and suffixes

Prefixes and suffixes are sets of letters that are added to the beginning or end of another word. They are not words in their own right and cannot stand on their own in a sentence: if they are printed on their own they have a hyphen before or after them.

Prefixes

Prefixes are added to the beginning of an existing word in order to create a new word with a different meaning. For example:

word	prefix	new word
happy	un-	unhappy
cultural	multi-	multicultural
work	over-	overwork
space	cyber-	cyberspace
market	super-	supermarket

Suffixes

Suffixes are added to the end of an existing word. For example:

word	suffix	new word
child	-ish	childish
work	-er	worker
taste	-less	tasteless
idol	-ize/-ise	idolize/idolise
like	-able	likeable

The addition of a suffix often changes a word from one word class to another. In the table above, the verb like becomes the adjective likeable, the noun idol becomes the verb idolize, and the noun child becomes the adjective childish.

Word creation with prefixes and suffixes

Some prefixes and suffixes are part of our living language, in that people regularly use them to create new words for modern products, concepts, or situations. For example:

word	prefix or suffix	new word
security	bio-	biosecurity
clutter	de-	declutter
media	multi-	multimedia
email	-er	emailer

Email is an example of a word that was itself formed from a new prefix, e-, which stands for electronic. This modern prefix has formed an ever-growing number of other Internet-related words, including e-book, e-cash, e-commerce, and e-tailer.

English Language Prefixes & Suffix 1

English Language Prefixes and suffix > Quick Chart

Below you will see a chart of
common prefixes and suffixes to base words.

Root, Prefix or Suffix	Meaning	Examples
a, ac, ad, af, ag, al, an, ap, as, at	to, toward, near, in addition to, by	aside, accompany, adjust, aggression, allocate, annihilate, affix, associate, attend, adverb
a-, an-	not, without	apolitical, atheist, anarchy, anonymous, apathy, aphasia, anemia
ab, abs	away from, off	absolve, abrupt, absent
-able, -ible	Adjective: worth, ability	solvable, incredible
acer, acid, acri	bitter, sour, sharp	acerbic, acidity, acrid, acrimony
act, ag	do, act, drive	active, react, agent, active, agitate
acu	sharp	acute, acupuncture, accurate
-acy, -cy	Noun: state or quality	privacy, infancy, adequacy, intimacy, supremacy
-ade	act, product, sweet drink	blockade, lemonade
aer, aero	air, atmosphere, aviation	aerial, aerosol, aerodrome
ag, agi, ig, act	do, move, go	agent, agenda, agitate, navigate, ambiguous, action
-age	Noun: activity, or result of action	courage, suffrage, shrinkage, tonnage
agri, agro	pertaining to fields or soil	agriculture, agroindustry
-al	Noun: action, result of action	referral, disavowal, disposal, festival
-al, -ial, -ical	Adjective: quality, relation	structural, territorial, categorical
alb, albo	white, without pigment	albino, albite
ali, allo, alter	other	alias, alibi, alien, alloy, alter, alter ego, altruism
alt	high, deep	altimeter, altitude
am, ami, amor	love, like, liking	amorous, amiable, amicable, enamoured
ambi	both	ambidextrous
ambul	to walk	ambulatory, amble, ambulance, somnambulist
-an	Noun: person	artisan, guardian, historian, magician
ana, ano	up, back, again, anew	anode, anagram, anagenetic
-ance, -ence	Noun: action, state, quality or process	resistance, independence, extravagance, fraudulence
-ancy, -ency	Noun: state, quality or capacity	vacancy, agency, truancy, latency
andr, andro	male, characteristics of men	androcentric, android
ang	angular	angle
anim	mind, life, spirit, anger	animal, animate, animosity
ann, annu, enni	yearly	annual, annual, annuity, anniversary, perrenial
-ant, -ent	Noun: an agent, something that performs the action	disinfectant, dependent, fragrant
-ant, -ent, -ient	Adjective: kind of agent, indication	important, dependent, convenient
ante	before	anterior, anteroom, antebellum, antedate, antecedent antediluvian
anthrop	man	anthropology, misanthrope, philanthropy
anti, ant	against, opposite	antisocial, antiseptic, antithesis, antibody, antinomies, antifreeze, antipathy
anti, antico	old	antique, antiquated, antiquity
apo, ap, aph	away from, detached, formed	apology, apocalypse, aphagia
aqu	water	aqueous
-ar, -ary	Adjective: resembling, related to	spectacular, unitary
arch	chief, first, rule	archangel, architect, archaic, monarchy, matriarchy, patriarchy, Archeozoic era
-ard, -art	Noun: characterized	braggart, drunkard, wizard
aster, astr	star	aster, asterisk, asteroid, astronomy, astronaut
-ate	Noun: state, office, fuction	candidate, electorate, delegate
-ate	Verb: cause to be	graduate, ameliorate, amputate, colligate
-ate	Adjective: kind of state	inviolate
-ation	Noun: action, resulting state	specialization, aggravation, alternation
auc, aug, aut	to originate, to increase	augment , author, augment, auction
aud, audi, aur, aus	to hear, listen	audience, audio, audible, auditorium, audiovisual, audition, auricular, ausculate
aug, auc	increase	augur, augment, auction
aut, auto	self	automobile, automatic, automotive, autograph, autonomous, autoimmune
bar	weight, pressure	barometer
be	on, around, over, about, excessively, make, cause, name, affect	berate, bedeck, bespeak, belittle, beleaguer
belli	war	rebellion, belligerent, casus belli, bellicose
bene	good, well, gentle	benefactor, beneficial, benevolent, benediction, beneficiary, benefit
bi, bine	two	biped, bifurcate, biweekly, bivalve, biannual
bibl, bibli, biblio	book	bibliophile, bibliography, Bible
bio, bi	life	biography, biology, biometricsm biome, biosphere
brev	short	abbreviate, brevity, brief
cad, cap, cas, ceiv, cept, capt, cid, cip	to take, to seize, to hold	receive, deceive, capable, capacious, captive, accident, capture, occasion, concept, intercept, forceps, except, reciprocate
cad, cas	to fall	cadaver, cadence, cascade
-cade	procession	motorcade
calor	heat	calorie, caloric, calorimeter
capit, capt	head	decapitate, capital, captain, caption
carn	flesh	carnivorous, incarnate, reincarnation, carnal
cat, cata, cath	down, with	catalogue, category, catheter
caus, caut	burn, heat	caustic, cauldron, cauterize
cause, cuse, cus	cause, motive	because, excuse, accusation
ceas, ced, cede, ceed, cess	to go, to yield, move, go, surrender	succeed, proceed, precede, recede, secession, exceed, succession
cent	hundred	centennial, century, centipede
centr, centri	center	eccentricity, centrifugal, concentric, eccentric
chrom	color	chrome, chromosome, polychrome, chromatic
chron	time	chronology, chronic, chronicle chronometer, anachronism, synchronize
cide, cis, cise	to kill, to cut, cut down	fratricide, homicide, incision, incision, circumcision, scissors
circum	around	circumnavigate, circumflex, circumstance, circumcision, circumference, circumorbital, circumlocution, circumvent, circumscribe, circulatory
cit	call, start	incite, citation, cite
civ	citizen	civic, civil, civilian, civilization
clam, claim	cry out	exclamation, clamor, proclamation, reclamation, acclaim
clin	lean, bend	decline, aclinic, inclination
clud, clus claus	to close, shut	include, exclude, clause, claustrophobia, enclose, exclusive, reclusive, conclude
co, cog, col, coll, con, com, cor	with, together	cohesiveness, cognate, collaborate, convene, commitment, compress, contemporary, converge, compact, confluence, convenient, concatenate, conjoin, combine, correct
cogn, gnos	to know	recognize, cognizant, diagnose, agnostic, incognito, prognosis
com, con	fully	complete, compel, conscious, condense, confess, confirm
contr, contra, counter	against, opposite	contradict, counteract, contravene, contrary, counterspy, contrapuntal
cord, cor, cardi	heart	cordial, concord, discord, courage, encourage
corp	body	corporation, corporal punishment, corpse, corpulent, corpus luteum
cort	correct	escort, cortage
cosm	universe, world	cosmos, microcosm, cosmopolitan, cosmonaut
cour, cur, curr, curs	run, course	occur, excursion, discourse, courier, course
crat, cracy	rule	autocrat, aristocrat, theocracy, technocracy
cre, cresc, cret, crease	grow	create, crescent, accretion, increase
crea	create	creature, recreation, creation
cred	believe	creed, credo, credence, credit, credulous, incredulous, incredible
cresc, cret, crease, cru	rise, grow	crescendo, concrete, increase, decrease, accrue
crit	separate, choose	critical, criterion, hypocrite
cur, curs	run	current, concurrent, concur, incur, recur, occur, courier, precursor, cursive
cura	care	curator, curative, manicure
cycl, cyclo	wheel, circle, circular	Cyclops, unicycle, bicycle, cyclone, cyclic
de-	from, down, away, to do the opposite, reverse, against	detach, deploy, derange, decrease, deodorize, devoid, deflate, degenerate
dec, deca	ten, ten times	decimal, decade, decalogue, decimate, decathlon
dec, dign	suitable	decent decorate dignity
dei, div	God	divinity, divine, deity, divination, deify
dem, demo	people, populace, population	democracy, demography, demagogue, epidemic
dent, dont	tooth	dental, denture, orthodontist, periodontal
derm	skin, covering	hypodermic, dermatology, epidermis, taxidermy
di-, dy-	two, twice, double	divide, diverge, diglycerides
dia	through, across, between	diameter, diagonal, dialogue dialect, dialectic, diagnosis, diachronic
dic, dict, dit	say, speak	dictation, dictionary, dictate, dictator, Dictaphone, edict, predict, verdict, contradict, benediction
dis, dif	not, opposite of, reverse, separate, deprive of, away	dismiss, differ, disallow, disperse, dissuade, divide, disconnect, disproportion, disrespect, distemper, disarray
dit	give	credit, audit
doc, doct	teach, prove	docile, doctor, doctrine, document, dogma, indoctrinate
domin	master, that which is under control	dominate, dominion, predominant, domain
don	give	donate, condone
dorm	sleep	dormant, dormitory
dox	thought, opinion, praise	orthodox, heterodox, paradox, doxology
-drome	run, step	syndrome, aerodrome, velodrome
duc, duct	to lead, pull	produce, abduct, product, transducer, viaduct, aqueduct, induct, deduct, reduce, induce
dura	hard, lasting	durable, duration, endure
dynam	power	dynamo, dynamic, dynamite, hydrodynamics
dys-	bad, abnormal, difficult, impaired, unfavorable	dysfunctional, dyslexia, dyspathy
e-	not, missing, out, fully, away, computer network related	emit, embed, eternal,ether, erase, email, e-tailer
ec-	out of, outside	echo, eclipse, eclectic, ecesis, ecstasy, exzema
eco-	household, environment, relating to ecology or economy	ecology, economize, ecospheres, ecomanagement
ecto-	outside, external	ectomorph, ectoderm, ectoplasm
-ed	Verb: past tense	dressed, faded, patted, closed, introduced
-ed	Adjective: having the quality or characteristics of	winged, moneyed, dogged, tiered
-en	Verb: to cause to become	lengthen, moisten, sharpen
-en	Adjective: material	golden, woolen, silken
en-, em-	put into, make, provide with, surround with	enamor, embolden, enslave, empower, entangle
-ence, -ency	Noun: action or process, quality or state	reference, emergency, dependence, eminence, latency
end-	inside, within	endorse, endocardial, endergonic, endoskeleton, endoscope, endogenous
epi-	upon, close to, over, after, altered	epicenter, epicarp, epilogue, epigone, epidiorite
equi-	equal	equidistant, equilateral, equilibrium, equinox, equation, equator
-er, -ier	Adjective: comparative	better, brighter, sooner, hotter, happier
-er, -or	Noun: person or thing that does something	flyer, reporter, player, member, fryer, collector, concentrator
-er, -or	Verb: action	ponder, dishonor, clamor
erg	work, effect	energy, erg, allergy, ergometer, ergograph, ergophobia
-ery	collective qualities, art, practice, trade, collection, state, condition	snobbery, bakery, geenery, gallery, slavery
-es, -ies	Noun: plural of most nouns ending in -ch, -s, -sh, -o and -z and some in -f and -y	passes, glasses, ladies, heroes
-es, -ies	Verb: third person singular present indicative of verbs that end in -ch, -s, -sh, - and some in -y	blesses, hushes, fizzes, defies
-ess	female	actress, goddess, poetess
-est, -iest	Adjective or Adverb: superlative	latest, strongest, luckiest, lyingest
ev-, et-	time, age	medieval, eternal
ex-	out of, away from, lacking, former	exit, exhale, exclusive, exceed, explosion, ex-mayor
exter-, extra-, extro-	outside of, beyond	external, extrinsic, extraordinary, extrapolate, extraneous, extrovert
fa, fess	speak	fable, fabulous, fame, famous, confess, profess
fac, fact, fec, fect, fic, fas, fea	do, make	difficult, fashion, feasible, feature, factory, fact, effect, manufacture, amplification, confection
fall, fals	deceive	fallacy, falsify, fallacious
femto	quadrillionth	femtosecond
fer	bear, carry	ferry, coniferous, fertile, defer, infer, refer, transfer
fic, feign, fain, fit, feat	shape, make, fashion	fiction, faint, feign
fid	belief, faith	confide, diffident, fidelity
fid, fide, feder	faith, trust	confidante, fidelity, confident, infidelity, infidel, federal, confederacy, semper fi
fig	shape, form	figurem, effigy, figure, figment
fila, fili	thread	filigree, filament, filter, filet, filibuster
fin	end, ended, finished	final, finite, finish, confine, fine, refine, define, finale
fix	repair, attach	fix, fixation, fixture, affix, prefix, suffix
flex, flect	bend	flex, reflex, flexible, flexor, inflexibility, reflect, deflect,circumflex
flict	strike	affliction, conflict, inflict
flu, fluc, fluv, flux	flow	influence, fluid, flue, flush, fluently, fluctuate, reflux, influx
-fold	Adverb: in a manner of, marked by	fourfold
for, fore	before	forecast, fortune, foresee
forc, fort	strength, strong	effort, fort, forte, fortifiable, fortify, forte, fortitude
form	shape, resemble	form, format, conform, formulate, perform, formal, formula
fract, frag, frai	break	fracture, infraction, fragile, fraction, refract, frail
fuge	flee	subterfuge, refuge, centrifuge
-ful	Noun: an amount or quanity that fills	mouthful
-ful	Adjective: having, giving, marked by	fanciful
fuse	pour	confuse, transfuse
-fy	make, form into	falsify, dandify
gam	marriage	bigamy, monogamy, polygamy
gastr, gastro	stomach	gastric, gastronomic, gastritis, gastropod
gen	kind	generous
gen	birth, race, produce	genesis, genetics, eugenics, genealogy, generate, genetic, antigen, pathogen
geo	earth	geometry, geography, geocentric, geology
germ	vital part	germination, germ, germane
gest	carry, bear	congest, gestation
giga	billion	gigabyte, gigaflop
gin	careful	gingerly
gloss, glot	tongue	glossary, polyglot, epiglottis
glu, glo	lump, bond, glue	glue, agglutinate, conglomerate
gor	to gather, to bring together	category, categorize
grad, gress, gree	to gather, to bring together, step, go	grade, degree, progress, gradual, graduate, egress
graph, gram, graf	write, written, draw	graph, graphic, autograph, photography, graphite, telegram, polygraph, grammar, biography, lithograph, graphic
grat	pleasing	congratulate, gratuity, grateful, ingrate
grav	heavy, weighty	grave, gravity, aggravate, gravitate
greg	herd	gregarious, congregation, segregate, gregarian
hale, heal	make whole, sound	inhale, exhale, heal, healthy, healthiness
helio	sun	heliograph, heliotrope, heliocentric
hema, hemo	blood	hemorrhage, hemoglobin, hemophilia, hemostat
her, here, hes	stick	adhere, cohere, cohesion, inherent, hereditary, hesitate
hetero	other, different	heterodox, heterogeneous, heterosexual, heterodyne
hex, ses, sex	six	hexagon, hexameter, sestet, sextuplets
homo	same	homogenize, homosexual, homonym, homophone
hum, human	earth, ground, man	humus, exhume, humane
hydr, hydra, hydro	water	dehydrate, hydrant, hydraulic, hydraulics, hydrogen, hydrophobia
hyper	over, above	hyperactive, hypertensive, hyperbolic, hypersensitive, hyperventilate, hyperkinetic
hypn	sleep	hypnosis, hypnotherapy
-ia	Noun: names, diseases	phobia
-ian, an	Noun: related to, one that is	pedestrian, human
-iatry	Noun: art of healing	psychiatry
-ic	Adjective: quality, relation	generic
-ic, ics	Noun: related to the arts and sciences	arithmetic, economics
-ice	Noun: act	malice
-ify	Verb: cause	specify
ignis	fire	ignite, igneous, ignition
-ile	Adjective: having the qualities of	projectile
in, im	into, on, near, towards	instead, import
in, im, il, ir	not	illegible, irresolute, inaction, inviolate, innocuous, intractable, innocent, impregnable, impossible, imposter
infra	beneath	infrared, infrastructure
-ing	Noun: material made for, activity, result of an activity	flooring, swimming, building
-ing	Verb: present participle	depicting
-ing	Adjective: activity	cohering
inter	between, among	international, intercept, interject, intermission, internal, intermittent,
intra	within, during, between layers, underneath	intramural, intranet, intranatal
intro	into, within, inward	interoffice, introvert, introspection, introduce
-ion	Noun: condition or action	abduction
-ish	Adjective: having the character of	newish
-ism	Noun: doctrine, belief, action or conduct	formalism
-ist	Noun: person or member	podiatrist
-ite	Noun: state or quality	graphite
-ity, ty	Noun: state or quality	lucidity, novelty
-ive	Noun: condition	native
-ive, -ative, -itive	Adjective: having the quality of	festive, cooperative, sensitive
-ize	Verb: cause	fantasize
jac, ject	throw	reject, eject, project, trajectory, interject, dejected, inject, ejaculate, adjacent
join, junct	join	adjoining, enjoin, juncture, conjunction, injunction, conjunction
judice	judge	prejudice
jug, junct, just	to join	junction, adjust, conjugal
juven	young	juvenile, rejuvenate
labor	work	laborious, belabor
lau, lav, lot, lut	wash	launder, lavatory, lotion, ablution, dilute
lect, leg, lig	choose, gather, select, read	collect, legible, eligible
leg	law	legal, legislate, legislature, legitimize
-less	Adjective: without, missing	motiveless
levi	light	alleviate, levitate, levity
lex, leag, leg	law	legal, college, league
liber, liver	free	liberty, liberal, liberalize, deliverance
lide	strike	collide, nuclide
liter	letters	literary, literature, literal, alliteration, obliterate
loc, loco	place, area	location, locally, locality, allocate, locomotion
log, logo, ology	word, study, say, speech, reason, study	catalog, prologue, dialogue, zoology, logo
loqu, locut	talk, speak	eloquent, loquacious, colloquial, circumlocution
luc, lum, lun, lus, lust	light	translucent, luminary, luster, luna, illuminate, illustrate
lude	play	prelude
-ly	Adverb: in the manner of	fluently
macr-, macer	lean	emaciated, meager
magn	great	magnify, magnificent, magnanimous, magnate, magnitude, magnum
main	strength, foremost	mainstream, mainsail, domain, remain
mal	bad, badly	malformation, maladjusted, dismal, malady, malcontent,malfunction, malfeasance, maleficent
man, manu	hand, make, do	manual, manage, manufacture, manacle, manicure, manifest, maneuver, emancipate, management
mand	command	mandatory, remand, mandate
mania	madness	mania, maniac, kleptomania, pyromania
mar, mari, mer	sea, pool	marine, marsh, maritime, mermaid
matri	mother	matrimony, maternal, matriarchate, matron
medi	half, middle, between, halfway	mediate, medieval, Mediterranean, mediocre, medium
mega	great, million	megaphone, megaton, megaflop, megalomaniac, megabyte, megalopolis
mem	recall, remember	memo, commemoration, memento, memoir, memorable
ment	mind	mental, mention
-ment	Noun: condition or result	document
meso	middle	mesomorph, mesoamerica, mesosphere
meta	beyond, change	metaphor, metamorphosis, metabolism, metahistorical, metainformation
meter	measure	meter, voltammeter, barometer, thermometer
metr	admeasure, apportion	metrics, asymmetric, parametric, telemetry
micro	small, millionth	microscope, microfilm, microcard, microwave, micrometer, microvolt
migra	wander	migrate, emigrant, immigrate
mill, kilo	thousand	millennium, kilobyte, kiloton
milli	thousandth	millisecond, milligram, millivolt
min	little, small	minute, minor, minuscule
mis	wrong, bad, badly	misconduct, misinform, misinterpret, mispronounce, misnomer, mistake, misogynist
mit, miss	send	emit, remit, submit, admit, commit, permit, transmit, omit, intermittent, mission, missile
mob, mov, mot	move	motion, remove, mobile, motor
mon	warn, remind	monument, admonition, monitor, premonition
mono	one	monopoly, monotype, monologue, mononucleosis, monorail, monotheist,
mor, mort	mortal, death	mortal, immortal, mortality, mortician, mortuary
morph	shape, form	amorphous, dimorphic, metamorphosis, morphology, polymorphic, morpheme, amorphous
multi	many, much	multifold, multilingual, multiped, multiply, multitude, multipurpose, multinational
nano	billionth	nanosecond, nanobucks
nasc, nat, gnant, nai	to be born	nascent, native, pregnant, naive
nat, nasc	to be from, to spring forth	innate, natal, native, renaissance
neo	new	Neolithic, nuveau riche, neologism, neophyte, neonate
-ness	Noun: state, condition, quality	kindness
neur	nerve	neuritis, neuropathic, neurologist, neural, neurotic
nom	law, order	autonomy, astronomy, gastronomy, economy
nom, nym	name	nominate, synonym
nomen, nomin	name	nomenclature, nominate, ignominious
non	nine	nonagon
non	not	nonferrous, nonsense, nonabrasive, nondescript
nov	new	novel, renovate, novice, nova, innovate
nox, noc	night	nocturnal, equinox, noctilucent
numer	number	numeral, numeration, enumerate, innumerable
numisma	coin	numismatics
ob, oc, of, op	toward, against, in the way	oppose, occur, offer, obtain
oct	eight	octopus, octagon, octogenarian, octave
oligo	few, little	Oligocene, oligosaccharide, oligotrophic, oligarchy
omni	all, every	omnipotent, omniscient, omnipresent, omnivorous
onym	name	anonymous, pseudonym, antonym, synonym
oper	work	operate, cooperate, opus
-or	Noun: condition or activity	valor, honor, humor, minor
ortho	straight, correct	orthodox, orthodontist, orthopedic, unorthodox
-ory	Noun: place for, serves for	territory, rectory
-ous, -eous, -ose, -ious	Adjective: having the quality of, relating to	adventurous, courageous, verbose, fractious
over	excessive, above	overwork, overall, overwork
pac	peace	pacifist, pacify, pacific ocean
pair, pare	arrange, assemblage, two	repair, impair, compare, prepare
paleo	old	Paleozoic, Paleolithic, paleomagnetism, paleopsychology
pan	all	Pan-American, pan-African, panacea, pandemonium (place of all the demons),
para	beside	paradox, paraprofessional, paramedic, paraphrase, parachute
pat, pass, path	feel, suffer	patient, passion, sympathy, pathology
pater, patr	father	paternity, patriarch, patriot, patron, patronize
path, pathy	feeling, suffering	pathos, sympathy, antipathy, apathy, telepathy
ped, pod	foot	pedal, impede, pedestrian, centipede, tripod, podiatry, antipode, podium
pedo	child	orthopedic, pedagogue, pediatrics
pel, puls	drive, push, urge	compel, dispel, expel, repel, propel, pulse, impulse, pulsate, compulsory, expulsion, repulsive
pend, pens, pond	hang, weigh	pendant, pendulum, suspend, appendage, pensive, append
per	through, intensive	persecute, permit, perspire, perforate, persuade
peri	around	periscope, perimeter, perigee, periodontal
phage	eat	macrophage, bacteriophage
phan, phas, phen, fan, phant, fant	show, make visible	phantom, fantasy
phe	speak	blaspheme, cipher, phenomenon, philosopher
phil	love	philosopher, philanthropy, philharmonic, bibliophile
phlegma	inflammation	phlegm, phlegmatic
phobia, phobos	fear	phobia, claustrophobia, acrophobia, aquaphobia, ergophobia, homophobia
phon	sound	telephone, phonics, phonograph, phonetic, homophone, microphone, symphony, euphonious
phot, photo	light	photograph, photoelectric, photogenic, photosynthesis, photon
pico	trillionth	picofarad, picocurie, picovolt
pict	paint, show, draw	picture, depict
plac, plais	please	placid, placebo, placate, complacent
pli, ply	fold	reply, implicate, ply
plore	cry out, wail	implore, exploration, deploring
plu, plur, plus	more	plural, pluralist, plus
pneuma, pneumon	breath	pneumatic, pneumonia,
pod	foot, feet	podiatry, tripod
poli	city	metropolis, police, politics, Indianapolis, megalopolis, acropolis
poly	many	polytheist, polygon, polygamy, polymorphous
pon, pos, pound	place, put	postpone, component, opponent, proponent, expose, impose, deposit, posture, position, expound, impound
pop	people	population, populous, popular
port	carry	porter, portable, transport, report, export, import, support, transportation
portion	part, share	portion, proportion
post	after, behind	postpone, postdate
pot	power	potential, potentate, impotent
pre, pur	before	precede
prehendere	seize, grasp	apprehend, comprehend, comprehensive, prehensile
prin, prim, prime	first	primacy, prima donna, primitive, primary, primal, primeval, prince, principal
pro	for, foward	propel
proto	first	prototype, protocol, protagonist, protozoan, Proterozoic, protoindustrial
psych	mind, soul	psyche, psychiatry, psychology, psychosis
punct	point, dot	punctual, punctuation, puncture, acupuncture, punctuation
pute	think	dispute, computer
quat, quad	four	quadrangle, quadruplets
quint, penta	five	quintet, quintuplets, pentagon, pentane, pentameter
quip	ship	equip, equipment
quir, quis, quest, quer	seek, ask	query, inquire, exquisite, quest
re	back, again	report, realign, retract, revise, regain
reg, recti	straighten	regiment, regular, rectify, correct, direct, rectangle
retro	backwards	retrorocket, retrospect, retrogression, retroactive
ri, ridi, risi	laughter	deride, ridicule, ridiculous, derision, risible
rog, roga	ask	prerogative, interrogation, derogatory
rupt	break	rupture, interrupt, abrupt, disrupt, ruptible
sacr, sanc, secr	sacred	sacred, sacrosanct, sanction, consecrate, desecrate
salv, salu	safe, healthy	salvation, salvage, salutation
sanct	holy	sanctify, sanctuary, sanction, sanctimonious, sacrosanct
sat, satis	enough	satient, saturate, satisfy
sci, scio, scientia	know	science, conscious, omniscient, cognocienti
scope	see, watch	telescope, microscope, kaleidoscope, periscope, stethoscope
scrib, script	write	scribe, scribble, inscribe, describe, subscribe, prescribe, manuscript
se	apart, move away from	secede
sect, sec	cut	intersect, transect, dissect, secant, section
sed, sess, sid	sit	sediment, session, obsession, possess, preside, president, reside, subside
semi	half, partial	semifinal, semiconscious, semiannual, semimonthly, semicircle
sen, scen	old, grow old	senior, senator, senile, senescence, evanescent
sent, sens	feel, think	sentiment, consent, resent, dissent, sentimental, sense, sensation, sensitive, sensory, dissension
sept	seven	septet, septennial
sequ, secu, sue	follow	sequence, consequence, sequel, subsequent, prosecute, consecutive, second, ensue, pursue
serv	save, serve, keep	servant, service, subservient, servitude, preserve, conserve, reservation, deserve, conservation, observe
-ship	Noun: status, condition	relationship, friendship
sign, signi	sign, mark, seal	signal, signature, design, insignia, significant
simil, simul	like, resembling	similar, assimilate, simulate, simulacrum, simultaneous
sist, sta, stit	stand, withstand, make up	assist, insist, persist, circumstance, stamina, status, state, static, stable, stationary, substitute
soci	to join, companions	sociable, society
sol, solus	alone	solo, soliloquy, solitaire, solitude, solitary, isolate
solv, solu, solut	loosen, explain	solvent, solve, absolve, resolve, soluble, solution, resolution, resolute, dissolute, absolution
somn	sleep	insomnia, somnambulist
soph	wise	sophomore (wise fool), philosophy, sophisticated
spec, spect, spi, spic	look, see	specimen, specific, spectator, spectacle, aspect, speculate, inspect, respect, prospect, retrospective, introspective, expect, conspicuous
sper	render favorable	prosper
sphere	ball, sphere	sphere, stratosphere, hemisphere, spheroid
spir	breath	spirit, conspire, inspire, aspire, expire, perspire, respiration
stand, stant, stab, stat, stan, sti, sta, st, stead	stand	stature, establish, stance
-ster	person	mobster, monster
strain, strict, string, stige	bind, pull, draw tight	stringent, strict, restrict, constrict, restrain, boa constrictor
stru, struct, stroy, stry	build	construe, structure, construct, instruct, obstruct, destruction, destroy, industry, ministry
sub, suc, suf, sup, sur, sus	under, below, from, secretly, instead of	sustain, survive, support, suffice, succeed, submerge, submarine, substandard, subnormal, subvert
sume, sump	take, use, waste	consume, assume, sump, presumption
super, supra	over, above	superior, suprarenal, superscript, supernatural, superimpose, supercede
syn, sym	together, at the same time	sympathy, synthesis, synchronous, syndicate
tact, tang, tag, tig, ting	touch	tactile, contact, intact, intangible, tangible, contagious, contiguous, contingent
tain, ten, tent, tin	hold, keep, have	retain, continue, content, tenacious
tect, teg	cover	detect, protect, tegular, tegument
tele	distance, far, from afar	telephone, telegraph, telegram, telescope, television, telephoto, telecast, telepathy, telepathy
tem, tempo	time	tempo, temporary, extemporaneously, contemporary, pro tem, temporal
ten, tin, tain	hold	tenacious, tenant, tenure, untenable, detention, retentive, content, pertinent, continent, obstinate, contain, abstain, pertain, detain
tend, tent, tens	stretch, strain	tendency, extend, intend, contend, pretend, superintend, tender, extent, tension, pretense
tera	trillion	terabyte, teraflop
term	end, boundary, limit	exterminate, terminal
terr, terra	earth	terrain, terrarium, territory, terrestrial
test	to bear witness	testament, detest, testimony, attest, testify
the, theo	God, a god	monotheism, polytheism, atheism, theology
therm	heat	thermometer, theorem, thermal, thermos bottle, thermostat, hypothermia
thesis, thet	place, put	antithesis, hypothesis, synthesis, epithet
tire	draw, pull	attire, retire, entire
tom	cut	atom (not cutable), appendectomy, tonsillectomy, dichotomy, anatomy
tor, tors, tort	twist	torture, retort, extort, distort, contort, torsion, tortuous, torturous
tox	poison	toxic, intoxicate, antitoxin
tract, tra, trai, treat	drag, draw, pull	attract, tractor, traction, extract, retract, protract, detract, subtract, contract, intractable
trans	across, beyond, change	transform, transoceanic, transmit, transportation, transducer
tri	three	tripod, triangle, trinity, trilateral
trib	pay, bestow	tribute, contribute, attribute, retribution, tributary
tribute	give	contribute, distribute, tributary
turbo	disturb	turbulent, disturb, turbid, turmoil
typ	print	type, prototype, typical, typography, typewriter, typology, typify
ultima	last	ultimate, ultimatum
umber, umbraticum	shadow	umbra, penumbra, (take) umbrage, adumbrate
un	not, against, opposite	unceasing, unequal
uni	one	uniform, unilateral, universal, unity, unanimous, unite, unison, unicorn
-ure	Noun: act, condition, process, function	exposure, conjecture, measure
vac	empty	vacate, vacuum, evacuate, vacation, vacant, vacuous
vade	go	evade, invader
vale, vali, valu	strength, worth	equivalent, valiant, validity, evaluate, value, valor
veh, vect	to carry	vector, vehicle, convection, vehement
ven, vent	come	convene, intervene, venue, convenient, avenue, circumvent, invent, convent, venture, event, advent, prevent
ver, veri	true	very, aver, verdict, verity, verify, verisimilitude
verb, verv	word	verify, veracity, verbalize, verve
vert, vers	turn, change	convert, revert, advertise, versatile, vertigo, invert, reversion, extravert, introvert, diversion, introvert, convertible, reverse, controversy
vi	way	viable, vibrate, vibrant
vic, vicis	change, substitute	vicarious, vicar, vicissitude
vict, vinc	conquer	victor, evict, convict, convince, invincible
vid, vis	see	video, evident, provide, providence, visible, revise, supervise, vista, visit, vision, review, indivisible
viv, vita, vivi	alive, life	revive, survive, vivid, vivacious, vitality, vivisection, vital, vitamins, revitalize
voc, voke	call	vocation, avocation, convocation, invocation, evoke, provoke, revoke, advocate, provocative, vocal
vol	will	malevolent, benevolent, volunteer, volition
volcan	fire	volcano, vulcanize, Vulcan
volv, volt, vol	turn about, roll	revolve, voluble, voluminous, convolution, revolt, evolution
vor	eat greedily	voracious, carnivorous, herbivorous, omnivorous, devour
-ward	Adverb: in a direction or manner	homeward
-wise	Adverb: in the manner of, with regard to	timewise, clockwise, bitwise
with	against	withhold, without, withdraw, forthwith
-y	Noun: state, condition, result of an activity	society, victory
-y	Adjective: marked by, having	hungry, angry, smeary, teary
zo	animal	zoo (zoological garden), zoology, zodiac, protozoan

Prefixes in English 3

What is a prefix?

A prefix (affix) is a word, or letter(s) placed at the beginning of another word (a base word) to adjust or qualify its usage or meaning. The opposite of prefix is suffix.

List of English Prefixes

Prefix	General Meaning	Example
a(n)-	not , without	atonality , asexuality , amoral , anarchy
ab-	away	abduction , absolutism , ablution
ac-
acr(o)-	high, up	Acropolis
aden(o)-
aer(o)-	air	aeronautics , aerodrome , aeroplane , aerodynamics
agr(o)-	relating to farming	agriculture
an-
an(a)-	out of	anachronism
an(o)-
andr-	man	androgyny , androcentrism , android , androgen
anem-
Anglo-	English or British	Anglo-Irish relations, anglophile
ante-	before	antebellum
anthrop(o)-	relating to human beings	anthropology , anthropocentrism , anthropomorphic
ant(i)-	against	antidote , antibody , anticlockwise
aut(o)-	self	autonomy , autobiography , automobile , autopilot
bar(o)-	atmosphere
bathy-	deep	Bathyscape , Bathysphere
be-	completely, thoroughly; excessively; on; around; about; used to form transitive verbs
bi-	two	bicycle , bijection , bilingual , bicameralism , bisexuality
bi(o)-	life	biology , biography , biosphere , biotechnology
bibli(o)-	relating to books	bibliophilia , bibliography
blast(o)-
brady-	slow	bradycardia
brom(o)-
bronch(o)-	relating to breathing	bronchitis
cac(o)-
cardi(o)-	heart	cardiovascular
cent-, centi -	hundred or hundredth	centenary, centimeter, centipede
cephal(o)-
chrom(o)-, chromat(o)-
chron(o)-	time	chronology, chronograph
circum-	around	circumcision, circumnavigation, circumlocution, circumference
cion(o)-
co-	together	cooperative, cohabit
colpo-
com-, con-, col-, cor-	with, together	conference , connotation , context , Congress , congregation
contr(a)-, contr(o)	against, opposite	contradiction , contraception , controversy
cosm(o)-		cosmology , cosmopolitan , cosmotheism
counter-	against, opposite	counterpoint , counterweight , Counter-Reformation
crin(o)-
cry(o)-	frost , icy cold	cryogenics , cryoelectronics , cryostorage
crypt(o)-	hidden	cryptography , cryptozoology
cyt(o)-	hollow, receptacle, cell	cytoplasm , cytology
dactyl(o)-
de-	taking something away, the opposite	decentralisation , deforestation , dehydration
dec(a)-, dek(a)-	ten	decamerous
deci -	one tenth	deciliter
dem(o)-	people, nation	demographics , democracy
derm(o)-, derm(a)-, dermat-	skin	dermatology , dermatitis
di-	two , double
didact(o)-	apt at teaching
dynam(o)-	power , force	dynamic , dynamite , dynamo
dis-	reverse , opposite	dissent , discovery , disambiguation
dox(o)-	Doxology
dys-	bad, deformed, abnormal	dyspepsia , dystrophy , dysarthria
eco-	house	economy , ecology , ecosystem , ecotourism , ecotage
ecto(s)-	outside	ectoskeleton
edaph(o)-
electr(o)-	electricity	electrocution
embry(o)-	full
encephal(o)-	brain	encephalitis
end(o)-, ent(o)-
enne(a)-	nine	enneastyle
enter(o)-
eo-	dawn, early	eobacterium
ep(i)-, eph-	above	epitaxy
erg(o)-		ergonomics
erythr(o)-
erot(o)-
stom(o)-, stomat(o)-
ethn(o)-		ethnology , ethnolinguistics , ethnocentrism
eu-	good	eulogy , euthanasia , eugenics , euphemism
ex-	former	ex-wife, ex-president
ex(o)-	outside	exoskeleton
extra-	very, more than usual, outside, beyond	extra-thin, extra-special extraordinary, extraterrestrial
flor(i)-	relating to flowers	florist
fore-	before, in advance	foreskin , foreshadowing
gyn-	female	gynaecology , gynoid
hemi-	half	hemimetabolous
hex(a)-	six	hexapod
hyper-	excessive, (least to greatest in order: hypo, sub, super, hyper)	hyperactive , hyperthyroidism
hyp(o)-	below, (least to greatest in order: hypo, sub, super, hyper)	hypodermic
in-	extremely	inflammable , invaluable
in-, il-, im-, ir-	not	infallibility , illiteracy , immoral , irrelevant
inter-	between, from one to another	intervention , international
intra-	within, interior	intramural, intravenous
kilo -	thousand	kilogram , kilowatt
mal-	bad, badly	malpractice , malnutrition
maxi-	most, very, large	maxi-dress
mega -, megal-	million , very large	megabyte , megaphone
meta-	after, beyond	metacarpal , metaphysics
micro -	one millionth, very small	microgram , microorganism , micronation
mid-	in the middle of	mid-term elections , Mid-Autumn Festival , Mid-Atlantic Ridge
milli -	thousandth	milligram , milliliter
mini-	small	miniskirt , miniscule
mis-	bad , wrong	miscarriage , misanthropy , misogyny
mon(o)-	one , single	monolith , monorail , monotony , monocle
multi-	many	multiculturalism , multilingual
non-	not	nonsense, non-denial denial
non-	nine	none, nonagon
oct(o)-, oct(a)-	eight	octane , octopod , octagon
oo- (" oo -oh")	egg, ovum	oocyte
out-	more, to  a  greater degree	to outdo, to outrun
over-	more than normal, too much	overpopulation , over-consumption
pent(a)-	five	pentagon
post-	after	Post-Fordism , postpartum depression , postmodernity , postmodernism
pre-	before	prediction , preview , precedent , prenatal care
pro-	for, in favour of	pro-choice, pro-life, promotion
quadr-, quart-	four	quadrangle , quadruplet , quartic , quartile
quin(que)-	five , into five parts	quinquesection
quint(i)-	fifth , five	quintiped
re-	again, repeatedly	reduction , reflection , revolution
rect(i)-	proper, straight	rectify, rectangle
scler(o)-	hard	scleroderma atherosclerosis
semi-	half	semi-automatic , semi-detached
sept(a)-	seven	heptachord
sex(i)-	six	sexivalent
Sino-	Chinese	Sino-American relations
spasm(o)-
sperm(o)-, spermat(o)-
spher(o)-
sphygm(o)-	pulso	sphygmomanometer
splen(o)-
splanchn(o)-
schiz(o)-, schist(o)-	split	schizophrenia , schistocyte
staphyl(o)-
styl(o)-	pillar
sub-	below, less than, under,(least to greatest in order: hypo, sub, super, hyper)	subset , subsonic , subway , subtitles
super-	extremely, more than, (least to greatest in order: hypo, sub, super, hyper)	superhuman , Superego , supersonic
syn-	along with, together, at the same time	synergy , synchronicity
tach(y)-, tach(o)-	fast, speed	tachycardia , tachometer
tel(e)-, tel(o)-	far, over  a  long distance	telecommunications , television , telephoto lens , telodynamic
tel(o)-, tel(e)-	end, complete, mature	teloblast
trans-	across, beyond	transfer , transubstantiation , transatlantic , Trans-Siberian railway
tri-	three	triangle , tricolor , triptych
ultra-	extremely, beyond  a  certain limit	Ultramontanism , ultraviolet
un-	not, opposite, take something away	unconstitutional , undelete
uni-	one , single	uniform , unification
ur-	first, original	urtext
zoo- (" zoo -oh")	relating to animals	zoomorphic , zoology

Prefixes in English 2

A prefix is placed at the beginning of a word to modify or change its meaning.

Note also that this list does not include elements like "auto-" or " bio-", because these are "combining forms", not prefixes.

prefix		meaning	examples
a-	also an-	not, without	atheist, anaemic
a-		to, towards	aside, aback
		in the process of, in a particular state	a-hunting, aglow
a-		of	anew
		completely	abashed
ab-	also abs-	away, from	abdicate, abstract
ad-	also a-, ac-, af-, ag- al-, an-, ap-, at- as-, at-	movement to, change into, addition or increase	advance, adulterate, adjunct, ascend, affiliate, affirm, aggravate, alleviate, annotate, apprehend, arrive, assemble, attend
ante-		before, preceding	antecedent, ante-room
anti-	also ant-	opposing, against, the opposite	anti-aircraft, antibiotic, anticlimax, Antarctic
be-		all over, all around	bespatter, beset
		completely	bewitch, bemuse
		having, covered with	bejewelled
		affect with (added to nouns)	befog
		cause to be (added to adjectives)	becalm
com-	also co-, col-, con-, cor-	with, jointly, completely	combat, codriver, collude, confide, corrode
contra-		against, opposite	contraceptive
counter-		opposition, opposite direction	counter-attack, counteract
de-		down, away	descend, despair, depend, deduct
		completely	denude, denigrate
		removal, reversal	de-ice, decamp
dia-	also di-	through, across	diagonal
dis-	also di-	negation, removal, expulsion	disadvantage, dismount, disbud, disbar
en-	also em-	put into or on	engulf, enmesh
		bring into the condition of	enlighten, embitter
		intensification	entangle, enrage
ex-	also e-, ef-	out	exit, exclude, expand
		upward	exalt, extol
		completely	excruciate, exasperate
		previous	ex-wife
extra-		outside, beyond	extracurricular
hemi-		half	hemisphere
hyper-		beyond, more than, more than normal	hypersonic, hyperactive
hypo-		under	hypodermic, hypothermia
in-	also il-, im-	not, without	infertile, inappropriate, impossible
	also il-, im-, ir-	in, into, towards, inside	influence, influx, imbibe
infra-		below	infrared, infrastructure
inter-		between, among	interact, interchange
intra-		inside, within	intramural, intravenous
non-		absence, negation	non-smoker, non-alcoholic
ob-	also oc-, of-, op-	blocking, against, concealing	obstruct, occult, offend, oppose
out-		surpassing, exceeding	outperform
		external, away from	outbuilding, outboard
over-		excessively, completely	overconfident, overburdened, overjoyed
		upper, outer, over, above	overcoat, overcast
peri-		round, about	perimeter
post-		after in time or order	postpone
pre-		before in time, place, order or importance	pre-adolescent, prelude, precondition
pro-		favouring, in support of	pro-African
		acting for	proconsul
		motion forwards or away	propulsion
		before in time, place or order	prologue
re-		again	repaint, reappraise, reawake
semi-		half, partly	semicircle, semi-conscious
sub-	also suc-, suf-, sug-, sup-, sur-, sus-	at a lower position	submarine, subsoil
		lower in rank	sub-lieutenant
		nearly, approximately	sub-tropical
syn-	also sym-	in union, acting together	synchronize, symmetry
trans-		across, beyond	transnational, transatlantic
		into a different state	translate
ultra-		beyond	ultraviolet, ultrasonic
		extreme	ultramicroscopic
un-		not	unacceptable, unreal, unhappy, unmanned
		reversal or cancellation of action or state	unplug, unmask
under-		beneath, below	underarm, undercarriage
		lower in rank	undersecretary
		not enough	underdeveloped

Prefixes in English 1

The most common prefixes (prefix+es)

prefix	meaning	examples
anti-	against/opposed to	anti-government, anti-racist, anti-war
auto-	self	autobiography, automobile
de-	reverse or change	de-classify, decontaminate, demotivate
dis-	reverse or remove	disagree, displeasure, disqualify
down-	reduce or lower	downgrade, downhearted
extra-	beyond	extraordinary, extraterrestrial
hyper-	extreme	hyperactive, hypertension
il-, im-, in-, ir-	not	illegal, impossible, insecure, irregular
inter-	between	interactive, international
mega-	very big, important	megabyte, mega-deal, megaton
mid-	middle	midday, midnight, mid-October
mis-	incorrectly, badly	misaligned, mislead, misspelt
non-	not	non-payment, non-smoking
over-	too much	overcook, overcharge, overrate
out-	go beyond	outdo, out-perform, outrun
post-	after	post-election, post-war
pre-	before	prehistoric, pre-war
pro-	in favour of	pro-communist, pro-democracy
re-	again	reconsider, redo, rewrite
semi-	half	semicircle, semi-retired
sub-	under, below	submarine, sub-Saharan
super-	above, beyond	super-hero, supermodel
tele-	at a distance	television, telepathic
trans-	across	transatlantic, transfer
ultra-	extremely	ultra-compact, ultrasound
un-	remove, reverse, not	undo, unpack, unhappy
under-	less than, beneath	undercook, underestimate
up-	make or move higher	upgrade, uphill

Istilah dalam Keluarga Jawa

Istilah dalam Keluarga Jawa

ISTILAH-ISTILAH UNTUK SAUDARA-SEDARAH
Mbah, (Eyang) kakek/nenek, saudara kakek/nenek, sepupu kakek/nenek, yaitu sanak saudara siapa saja yang ada pada taraf generasi sama dengan kakek/nenek, dan suami/istri mereka itu.
Bapak, (Pak, Rama) ayah, atau setiap anggota laki-laki dari generasi orang tua, atau suami seorang wanita yang dipanggil Ibu.
Ibu, (Bu, Mbok, Simbok, Biyung, Mak) ibu, atau setiap anggota wanita dari generasi orang tua, atau istri seorang laki-laki yang dipanggil Bapak.
Pak De, (ditarik dari Bapak Gede, harfiah "ayah besar") saudara laki-laki orangtua yang lebih tua dari orangtua, anak laki-laki saudara kakek/nenek yang lebih tua dari kakek/ nenek itu, atau suami seorang perempuan yang dipanggil Bu De (Diri memanggil Pak De kepada setiap laki-laki yang dipanggil Mas oleh orangtua Diri).
Bu De, (Mbok De) saudara perempuan orangtua yang lebih tua dari orangtua itu, anak perempuan dari saudara kakek/ nenek yang lebih tua dari kakek/nenek itu, atau istri seorang laki-laki yang dipanggil Pak De. (Diri memanggil Bu De kepada setiap perempuan yang dipanggil Mbakyu oleh orangtua Diri).
Pak Lik, (berasal dari Bapak Cilik, harfiah "ayah kecil"; Paman, Man, Lik) saudara laki-laki orangtua yang lebih muda dari orangtua itu, anak laki-laki dari saudara kakek/ nenek yang lebih muda dari kakek/nenek, atau suami seorang perempuan yang dipanggil Bu Lik. (Diri memanggil Pak Lik setiap laki-laki yang oleh orangtua Diri dipanggil Dik).
Bu Lik, (Bik, Mbok Lik) adik perempuan orangtua, anak perempuan adik kakek/nenek, atau istri seseorang yang dipanggil Pak Lik (Diri memanggil Bu Lik pada wanita yang disebut Dik oleh orangtua Diri itu).Mas (Kangmas, Kang, Gus) kakak laki-laki, anak laki-laki kakak orangtua, anak laki-laki dari anak kakaknya kakek/ nenek, atau suami seorang wanita yang disebut Diri dengan Mbakyu.
Mbakyu, (Mbak, Yu) kakak perempuan, anak perempuan dari kakak orangtua, anak perempuan dari anak kakaknya kakek/nenek, atau istri seorang laki-laki yang disebut Diri dengan Mas.
Adik, (Dik, Rayi, Jeng) saudara muda, anak dari saudara muda orangtua, anak dari anak saudara muda kakek/nenek, suami/istri dari seseorang yang disapa Diri dengan Dik.
Mas misanan, (dari pisan, sekali) anak laki-laki dari saudara tua orangtua.
Mbakyu misanan, anak perempuan dari saudara tua orangtua.
Adik misanan, anak dari saudara muda orangtua.
Mas mindoan (dari pindo, dua kali) anak laki-laki dari anak saudara tua kakek/nenek.
Mbakyu mindoan, anak perempuan dari anaknya saudara tua kakek/nenek.
Adik mindoan, anak dari anaknya saudara muda kakek/nenek.
Anak, (Nak, Yoga, Putra) anak.
Keponakan, (diperoleh dari kata anak; kepenakan) anak dari saudara Diri, anak dari sepupu Diri.
Putu, (Wayah) cucu.
Putu ponakan, Cucu dari saudara Diri, cucu dari sepupu Diri.
Buyut, Cicit, cicit dari saudara Diri, cicit dari sepupu Diri; mbah buyut, saudara atau sepupu dari mbah buyut.
Canggah, Anaknya cicit, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama dengannya; orangtua mbah buyut, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama dengannya.
Wareng, Cucunya cicit, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama
Udeg-udeg, Cicitnya cicit, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama dengannya; mbah buyutnya mbah buyut, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama dengannya.
Gantung siwur, Anak dari cicitnya cicit, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama dengannya; orangtua dari mbah buyutnya mbah buyut, atau siapa pun dari generasi yang sama dengannya.
SEBUTAN PENYAPA UNTUK SAUDARA SEDARAH
Mbah, Diucapkan sebagai Mbah atau Eyang.
Bapak, Pak, Rama (terkadang digunakan Bapak, tetapi dalam hal ini tersirat pengertian orang ketiga yang dihormati).
Ibu, Bu, Mbok, Simbok, Biyung, Mak (terkadang digunakan Ibu, tetapi dalam hal ini tersirat pengertian orang ketiga yang dihormati).
Pak De, Pak De.
Bu De, Bu De, Mbok De.
Pak Lik, Pak Lik, Paman, Man, Lik.
Bu Lik, Bu Lik, Bik, Mbok Lik.
Mas, Mas, Kangmas, Kang, Gus.
Mbakyu, Mbakyu, Mbak, Yu.
Adik, Dik, atau dengan istilah-istilah hangat seperti Le atau Nduk (masing-masing untuk laki-laki clan perempuan), atau sernata-mats dengan nama.
Mas misanan, Mas mindoan: Mas, Kang, Kangmas, Gus.
Mbakyu misanan, Mbakyu mindoan: Mbakyu, Mbak, Yu.
Adik misanan, Adik mindoan: Dik, atau istilah-istilah lain yang akrab.
Anak Keponakan, Putu ponakan, Buyut: Nak, atau yang lebih wring dengan nama atau istilah lain-lain yang hangat, seperti Le, Nduk. Jika cucu buyut disapa dengan Nak, atau yang lebih lazim lagi dengan nama atau istilah-istilah akrab seperti Le, Nduk; jika mbah buyut disapa dengan Mbah atau Mbah Buyut.
ISTILAH PENYAPA THD KELUARGA YG DIIKAT HUB PERKAWINAN
Bojo, (Rayat, somah), istri/suami.
Sing wedok, (Ingkang estri, ading, ibune, mbokne, rayine, kanca estri) istri; disapa sebagai adik perempuan (Dik, Jeng) atau panggilan sehari-hari Mbokne si.., Ibune si..
Sing lanang, (Ingkang jaler, Mase, Bapakne, Kanca Jaler) suami; disapa sebagai "Kakak" (Mas, Kangmas, Kang) atau panggilan sehari-hari Bapake si.., Pake si..., Mbahe si....
Maratuwa, (Marasepuh) orangtua suami istri; disapa sebagai "Ibu" (Bu, dan lain-lain) atau sebagai "Ayah" (Pak, dan lain-lain).
Anak mantu, Menantu; disapa sebagai anak (Nak) atau dengan nama, istilah akrab, atau sebutan sehari-hari.
Mas ipe,  Suami kakak perempuan atau kakak suami/istri; disapa sebagai "Kakak" (Mas, dan lain-lain).
Mbakyu ipe,  Istri kakak atau kakak perempuan suami/istri; disapa sebagai "kakak perempuan" (Mbakyu, dan lain-lain).
Adik ipe, Adik suami/istri atau suami/istri adik; disapa sebagai "Adik" (Dik, dan lain-lain).
Besan, Orangtuanya suami/istrinya si anak; disapa dengan cara penghormatan formal.