Question Word in Mandarin

Interrogative pronouns
5 W + 1 H, often called "WH-words" in English
asking particle / interrogative particle / question particle

5 W and more:
什么/甚么 ( 什麼/甚麼 )= shénme = what
什么时候 ( 什麼時候/甚麼時候 ) = shénmeshíhou = when
哪里 ( 哪裡 ) / 哪儿 ( 哪兒 )= nǎ lǐ / nǎr (nǎér) = where
谁 ( 誰 ) = shuí / shéi = who
为什么 ( 為什麼 ) = wèishénme = why
notes:

• most common people speak shuí but most people in Beijing speak shéi
• Shorten form of nǎér is nǎr.

One H and more:
怎么 ( 怎麼 ) = zěnme = how?/what?/why?/how to?
怎么样 ( 怎麼樣 ) = zěnmeyàng = how?/how about?/how was it?/how are things? for asking condition or situation
多少 = duōshao = how many / how much (amount, measure)
几 ( 幾 ) = jǐ = how many / how much / what (for telephone number, house number, etc).
几号 ( 幾號 )= jǐ hào = how many (for less than 10)/ what
几岁 ( 幾歲 )= jǐ suì = some years/How many years?/How old are you?/asking for an age? (familiar, or to child, equivalent to 多大 for older person)
多大 = duō dà = how big/how much/how old etc (for older person)/asking for an age?
notes:

• 几岁 ( 幾歲 ) jǐ suì = is for familiar person
• 多大 (duō dà) = is for older person

question Particle on behind or back:
呢 = ne (pronoun + ne) = how about ...?
吗 ( 嗎 ) = ma = what / whether
么 ( 麼 ) = me = what / whether
notes: 吗 / ma more ordinary used than 么/ me for interrogative modal particle.
especially when you use 吗 / ma at the last word or last position in interrogative sentence.

Relative Pronoun:
哪 = nǎ / něi (ordinarily and most common people say nǎ) = which/what
哪 = něi = which ( interrogative, followed by classifier or numeral-classifier )
哪个 ( 哪個 ) = nǎ ge = which/who
哪些 = nǎ xiē = which ones?/who?/what?
哪一个 nǎ yī ge which
什么人 shén me rén who?/which person?
什么事 shén me shì what?/which?
还是 = háishì = or / which

什么事 shén me shì what?/which?
意即 = yì jí = which means/(this) means (that)
星期几 ( 星期幾 ) = xīng qī jǐ = which day of the week
任何 rèn hé any/whatever/whichever/whatsoever
跟谁 = gēn shéi = (with) whom
谁的 = shéide = whose